Based on the daily mumps cases，meteorological data from 2005 to 2011 in Yinchuan，the epidemic characteristics of the mumps cases and relations with the meteorological factors were analyzed by using the methods of climatic inclination rate and the correlation analysis． The results show that the number of mumps cases presented increasing trend，the crowd from the age of 1 to 20 with mumps cases accounted for 93． 7% of the total mumps cases in Yinchuan，and they were the main easy infected crowd，while the crowd from the age of 6 to 7 was the key crowd of prevention and control． The monthly variation of mumps cases presented increase trend from February to May and September to December，while decline trend in summer and winter．The number of mumps cases accounted for 44． 4% and 5． 0% of the total number in Xingqing and Lingwu，respectively． The correlations were significant between the number of mumps cases and the weekly mean pressure，weekly mean temperature，weekly maxium temperature difference，mean relative humidity，weekly minimum relative humidity and weekly sunshine hours． The number of mumps cases was obviously affected by the meteorological factors of the first one to fourth weeks，so mumps cases could be forecasted by using the preceding meteorological factors．